TEN THOUSAND YEARS AGO. Unlike most areas of the Arctic, northern Yakutia was not glaciated in the Ice Age: the Arctic Ocean was permanently frozen and therefore provided no moisture for precipitation and ice build-up. Yakutia warms rapidly during the summer months; those who learned to survive the winters could expect warm and fruitful summers.

After the Ice Age, Yakutia warmed quickly; fossil pollen reveal that temperatures peaked about nine thousand years ago. Over the past few years, scientists have discovered that global warming began sooner and peaked in northern Yakutia some three or four thousand years before other parts of the arctic. As a result, the area was inhabited much sooner than surrounding arctic regions.

Copyright © 1995 Discovery Communications, Inc. Photo: Aaron Strong/Strong Images